Document Type : Complete scientific research article
Authors
1
food science and engineering, Gorgan university of Agricultural sciences and Natural resources, Gorgan, Iran
2
Food Science and Technology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
3
Associate Professor, Department of Food Science and Technology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources (GUASNR), Gorgan, Iran.
4
Assistant professor, Department of Food Science and Technology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources (GUASNR), Gorgan, Iran.
5
Assistant professor, Department of Pharmaceutics , Faculty of Pharmacy, Alborz university of medical sciences, Karaj, Iran
Abstract
Background and objectives: Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death among women in the world. To date, chemotherapy has been the most common treatment for breast cancer. However, some natural compounds have been used as chemical alternative treatments for breast cancer due to their wide range of bioactive properties and low toxicity in human and animal models. Curcumin is a natural polyphenol with anti‌oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial and anti-cancer properties. The therapeutic capability of Curcumin is remarkably restricted by its low solubility in water and low bioavailability. Therefore, it needs suitable carriers. Mastic gum is a natural resin obtained from broad-leaved variety of Pistacia lentiscus. The purpose of this research is to investigate the morphological characteristics, zeta potential, particle size distribution, release mode in the simulated oral environment, and the effects of modified Mastic gum microcapsule containing curcumin on MCF-7 cell line.
Materials and methods: This study was performed by an in vitro assay and the anticancer effects of Mastic gum microcapsule containing Curcumin were determined by MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide). The surface morphology, zeta potential and particle size distribution of modified Mastic gum microcapsule containing curcumin was investigated by FE-SEM, Zetasizer respectively.
Results: The images obtained from the scanning electron microscope showed that the modified Mastic Gum Microcapsule containing Curcumin had a smooth surface, without pores and a spherical appearance. The microcapsule particle size was in the range of 2093-5050 nm, the average size of the particles (equivalent radius) was 3093 nm. Zeta potential was measured -4.66±0.2(mv). Correlation coefficient in the Korsmeyer-Peppas mathematical model to evaluate the release pattern of curcumin from the modified Mastic Gum Microcapsule containing Curcumin had the highest value. Furthermore, results of MTT analysis demonstrated that modified Mastic gum microcapsule containing Curcumin had more cytotoxic effect (reduction effect) on breast cancer MCF-7 cell line, after 48 and 72 h of incubation compare free Curcumin in same dosage. The IC50 of modified Mastic gum microcapsule containing Curcumin was found to be 3.830 µg ml-1 after 48 h of incubation, while that of free Curcumin was calculated to be about 6.460 µg ml-1. The IC50 of modified Mastic Gum microcapsule containing Curcumin after 72 h incubation was found to be 2.014 µg ml-1, while that of free Curcumin calculated to be about 4.528 µg ml-1.
Conclusion: Our findings indicated that modified Mastic gum microcapsule containing curcumin had significan reduction effect on human breast cancer cell MCF-7 cell line in compare free Curcumin. Furthermore, our results showed that the surface morphology, zeta potential and particle size distribution of modified Mastic gum microcapsule containing Curcumin were suitable for using in food and drug product basis mouth releasing.
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